Jiuzhaigou, a national 5A-level scenic spot, a world natural heritage, a man and biosphere reserve, a national forest park, a national key scenic spot, a rare geological landform zone and biodiversity area integrating primitive beauty, natural beauty and wild beauty
Jiuzhaigou is located in Zhangzha Town, Jiuzhaigou County, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, in the southern section of the Minshan Mountains in the northwest of Sichuan Province, with geographical coordinates of 100°30 ́--104°27 ́ east longitude and 30°35 ́--34°19 ́ north latitude. It is a large branch ditch at the source of the Baishui River in the upper reaches of the Jialing River in the Yangtze River water system, with a basin area of 651.34km, and is named after nine Tibetan villages such as Shuzheng, Lotus Leaf and Zechawa in the ditch.
The average annual temperature of Jiuzhaigou is 6_14 °C, there is no severe cold in winter, cool in summer, and the scenery of the four seasons is different: the trees are green and bright in midspring, the lakes and mountains are secluded in midsummer, the mountains and forests are dyed in the golden autumn, and the ice sculpture is natural in midwinter. It is famous for the "six uniques" of green lake, cascading waterfalls, colorful forests, snow peaks, Tibetan feelings, and blue ice.
Jiuzhaigou is surrounded by mountains towering, there are dozens of snow peaks, high in the sky, snow-capped all year round. The strange water in the valley area gathers, among which there are 114 large and small lakes distributed in a trapezoidal shape, 17 waterfall groups, 5 travertine beach flows, 47 springs, 11 sections of turbulent flow, with the sea dial height difference of 1870 meters, between the 12 snow peaks through the forest and the valley, the beads are connected with jade, the beads are Y-shaped string of beads, and the meandering distance is nearly 60 kilometers, forming the only in China, the world's rare scenic spot with alpine lakes and waterfalls and travertine beach flow as the main body. The lakes are a few square meters small, and the largest is 7 kilometers long. The water of the lake is blue and clear all year round, and the colors are colorful, showing blue, yellow, orange, green and other colors under the sunlight, which is gorgeous and dazzling. When the weather is fine, the blue sky, white clouds, snow-capped mountains, forests reflect in the lake, the water is floating and green, beautiful and picturesque, and with the passage of the seasons show different colors and charm, there is a saying that "Jiuzhai returns and does not look at the water".
Nine ancient Tibetan villages, stone mills, plank roads, prayer flags and Tibetan and Qiang songs and dances in Jiuzhaigou have strong and mysterious Tibetan characteristics, and constitute the unique tourism culture of Jiuzhaigou.
The animal and plant resources of Jiuzhaigou are very rich, in the primeval forest of 300 square kilometers, there are 3553 species of native species naturally distributed, there are relict plants such as single-leaved grass, star-leaved grass, arrow bamboo and so on at the end of the Cretaceous period and the beginning of the third century. The primeval forest is also a suitable environment for many animals to breed, with 693 species of invertebrates and 313 species of vertebrates in the preliminary survey, and rare animals such as giant pandas, golden monkeys, red pandas, antelopes, etc.
Jiuzhaigou integrates primitive beauty, natural beauty and wild beauty, and has a very high value of sightseeing and popular science, and is known as "fairyland on earth" and "fairy tale world". As a rare geological and geomorphological zone and biodiversity area in the world, Jiuzhaigou has irreplaceable ecological significance and scientific research value.
Jiuzhaigou National Nature Reserve Administration and Jiuzhaigou Scenic Area Administration, as the protection institutions of Jiuzhaigou, are county-level institutions directly under the Aba Prefecture People's Government, and implement the unified management of two brands and one set of people.
Since its official opening to the outside world in 1984, the Jiuzhaigou Administration has been actively implementing the business management model of "development as protection and protection and promoting development" around the working policy of "strict protection, scientific management, rational development and sustainable utilization", and has focused on taking the road of sustainable development. A lot of work has been done in protecting the high-quality ecological environment, formulating high-grade plans, building high-quality scenic facilities, and carrying out scientific and rational development and utilization, and remarkable achievements have been made in protection, scientific research, tourism, and infrastructure construction. Through the joint efforts of Jiuzhai people, Jiuzhaigou has won many honors such as "National Excellent Nature Reserve", "Top 40 Tourist Resorts in China", "National Demonstration Unit for the Protection of Tourism Consumer Rights and Interests", "China AAAAA Scenic Spot" and "Provincial Civilized Unit", and in 2000, it was identified as the first tourism boutique in the province by the Provincial Party Committee and the Provincial Government, and has won the international laurels such as "World Natural Heritage" and "Man and Biosphere Reserve".
At present, the infrastructure of Jiuzhaigou Scenic Area is becoming more and more perfect, and the service projects are becoming more and more complete, and it is taking the road of eco-tourism with sustainable development strategy. It is our responsibility to protect Jiuzhaigou, and it is also the responsibility of every tourist. We want to let this bright pearl of world tourism shine forever and stay in the world forever.
Yellow Dragon
Huanglong Scenic Area is located in the southern section of the Minshan Mountains in Songpan County, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture in northern Sichuan Province, and belongs to the transition zone from the eastern edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to the Sichuan Basin. The scenic area ranges from 103°25′59"~104°8′45" east longitude and 32°30′53"~32°54′17" north latitude. The highest peak, Xuebao Peak, the main peak of Minshan, is 5,588 meters above sea level, covered with snow all year round, and is the easternmost point of modern glaciers in China. The total area is 700 square kilometers, and the outer protection zone covers an area of 640 square kilometers.
Huanglong is famous for the "four uniques" of color pools, snow-capped mountains, canyons and forests. The giant surface travertine slope valley, meandering between the natural forest sea and the rocky mountain ice peaks, is like a golden "dragon" soaring through the world. The natural landscape is refined, there is movement in stillness, there is beauty in the male, and there is literature in the wild, which constitutes the landscape characteristics of strange, steep, majestic and wild, and enjoys the wonders of the world and the transcription of Yao Pond in the world.
Huanglong belongs to the Kunlun Qinling stratigraphic area, the West Qinling sub-district, the Motianling community, and the Quaternary strata of the Upper Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic are relatively well developed. The Silurian system, Devonian system, Carboniferous and Permian are dominated by carbonate deposits, with a thickness of more than 4,000 meters. The Triassic is a clastic sediment with a thickness of up to 10,000 meters; The Quaternary is glacial and travertine deposits.
The Minshan area, where Huanglong is located, is located in the Himalayan period, which is a tectonically active area, which has been continuously uplifted since the Pleistocene, becoming a modern uplift high mountainous area. During the Pleistocene, mountain glaciers spread throughout the region, and in the Holocene, modern glaciers developed in the area, leaving behind glacial landforms and large amounts of ice deposits. The karst water formed by the infiltration of atmospheric precipitation is converted into a surface flow in the form of a fault spring, and travertine accumulation is formed in the process of flowing down the gully, and it is this changing travertine accumulation that presents a gorgeous travertine style.
Huanglong is located in the northern subtropics, the Qinba humid zone and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to the western Sichuan humid zone on both sides, belonging to the plateau temperate to subarctic monsoon climate type. The vertical zoning of the climate is obvious: above 4500 meters above sea level is the alpine cold zone; 4000-4500 meters is the alpine subarctic zone; 3000-4000 meters is alpine temperate zone; Below 3,000 meters is the temperate zone of mountains. It is characterized by humid and cold mountains, dry and cool river valleys, long winters, spring and autumn are connected, basically no summer, large temperature changes, and sufficient sunshine.
The parent material of the soil is mainly carbonate rock, and the vertical zonation of the soil is obvious, which is composed of alpine meadow soil, dark brown soil and brown soil. Travertine landscape areas are all calcareous soils.
The vegetation of Huanglong is in the transition zone from the eastern humid forest area to the subalpine coniferous forest, meadow, steppe and shrub area of the Qinghai-Tibet alpine plateau. It belongs to the intersection zone of four flora of East Asia, Himalayas, subtropical and temperate zones in the northern hemisphere, with obvious vertical spectrum, rich plant species, complex vegetation types, and complete community structure and forest ecosystem. The forest coverage rate is 65.8%. The forest is colorful, the ancient trees are towering, the pineapple hanging branches, mosses and lower plants are widely developed, the green is fresh and tender, and the flocculent is as soft as flocculent.
Due to the unique ecological environment of Huanglong, it is an ideal habitat for wild animals such as giant pandas, coupled with the direction of mountains and rivers, which is conducive to the distribution of southern animals to the north and south, and has become a conservation center for the intersection of northern and southern animals and some animals. There are 59 species of mammals, 155 species of birds, 5 species of reptiles, 5 species of amphibians and 2 species of fish.